Carbureter.



CARBURETER. ,A APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I4, 19.14. l 1,255,062. Patented Jan, 29,1918.

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I. A. SPEED 8L A. G. B. RID'LEY.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED SEPI. I4. 191'4.

1 ,255,062, v Patented .I an. 29, 1918.

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JAMES A. SPEED AND ARTHUR G. BROOKE RIDLEY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFRNL.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 29, 191.3.

Application ined september 14, 1914. serial No. 861,521.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES A. SPEED and ARTHUR GRAHAME BROOKE RIDLEY, citizens of the United States and Great Britain,:re spectively, and residents of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification. p

Our invention relates to carbureters for supplying gaseous fuel to power engines, and especially to securing thel proper mixture of gasified fuel with the proper air content to secure a most effective explosive mix- It has heretofore been customary in devices of this nature to vary the speed of the engine in accordance with the requirements of the devices being driven thereby`and to supply the gaseous fuel for the engine variable requirements at a varying rate, said variation usually being obtained by the suction of the engine. Difficulty is experienced, however, under this variable engine demand in securing the proper variation in the supply of fuel and'at the same time the proper ,variation in the flow of air so as to maintain the proper degree of richness of mixture during the running of the engine at differentspeeds. In our carbureter, we provide means whereby a. series of two or more ports arefuncovered consecutively, a greater area or number being uncovered as the rate of demand increases, so that upon an increased suction on the part of the engine, a mixture the increased quantity of air at the in creased engine speed,` with a greater'degreey of accuracy, and at an increased efficiency, to that heretofore attainable.

. Means are also provided for preventing damage through back firing, and means so that, upon a sudden demand on the part of theengine to increase its speed, there is caused momentarily, a restraint upon the opening of t-he carbureter ports, said restraint being accompanied by a, momentary increased suction. This We utilize for the purpose of slightly enriching the explosive mixture at such times to aid lthe engine to more quickly accelerate. Immediately thereafter however, the parts of the carbureter assume their normal position of maximum. efficiency during the period of inspeeds.

" filling the space g', g, gm-

' By referring to the accompanying figures, the construction and operation of our improved carbureter will be made clearer.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several figureszi Figure l is a. cross section through the carbureter on the line tv a of Fig.4 2. l

Fig. 2 is a plan viewof our carbureter.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section through the distributer plate or'nozzle and its seat.

Fig. lis a plan view of the distributer plate ory uozzlewhich is partly broken awayy showing its seat and the provision for enf gine operation when running id'le at slow Fig. 5 is a. side view of the lever connections to, the throttle control.

' Fig. 6 is an end view. of the lever con nections to the throttle valve.

Fig. 7 is a section view of one of the needle valves showing the retaining spring.

Referring now to the figures: y (a.) is the carbureter body or principal part forming with the annular piece (b) and conical piece (c) a chamber (d) which is lsupplied with liquid fuel, usually gasolene or distillate. Said fuel enters chamber (d) through connections d or d, the one not in use being suitably plugged, and passes by the valve (e), which until chamber (d) is filled to the requisite height, is held open by the weight of the fioat (f). Aconstant level (fw) will thus be retained in the chamber (d). These parts are old and form no part of our present invention.

The fuel from the chamber (d) will escape through the passage (g) into the chamber (g) and thence by the dash piston (h) which is made with a clearance w around the stem working therein, and so completely The chamber (d) is of a substantially annular form and extends as shown at (dw) and from thence fuel is fed through the valve ports and by the adjustable needle valves 71, z", i into the passage ways j, j and j which communicate with the passage way (k), form-1 ing at their entrance therewith, port openings. Mounted to freely move in said passage way (k) is the stem (l) provided with/ the distributer disk'or nozzle ,(m). VvThis nozzle I prefer tomake of disk form halving passage ways with outlets as .(7217)- connected through .the central s /portio'n, as further described below, an 'by which the fuel is drawn from the several conduits (fw) Q l Leashes (j) (j').v as adyances in an .upward diT rection. Turned `inthe said stem (Z) are annular passage waysUfg) and leading from these into a' clearance passage arel holes (XW). Said clearance passage inturn communicates with `the distributer'plate or no-zzle (m) through the passage Way (m) and thence to its outlets (m) The annular body f (1a)- is formed with a passage way (n) and 3.0 c v nected at (o). This valve (p) consists of' the outer conical portion seating when closed against;the conical wall of (c), and the inner surface of (p) forms the outer space (q). .This v.valve is formed with a central sleeve portion forming a guide, within the l interior portion of the piece (c), for the known means, permits, u ,on the suction said valve. l The guide portion of (p) I .prefer to internally thread for receiving the seat for the ball (7) and the adjustable nut (p),'the latter for limiting the upward movementvof the disk (m). The valve" (p) when in its lowest position permits a slight clearance space (g) between its conical surface and the. inside conical surface of the valve (p) andis provided with .astop nut on the `central portion of piece. (c) to limit its upward movement.

"When the engine is started. and a suction demand made .upon the carbureter, the first effect will be the raising of the valve (p) andv theclos'mg of the space (g) followed mmedi ately by the raising 'of the valve (p) from its seat against (c).4 The secondary i .lv

p descends to its lowest positionwhe... r.

suction exists, leaving a small clearance space g between'p and p 'of such dimension as to ermit the passage of discharging gases, ut not permitting the passage of ame in the event of back vfiring. l l

' The gaseous fuel passes frel-lvfffrom the chamber (o) through the passage ways o and'by the valve (p) when it is liftedinto anopen position by the suctionfof the engine. The movement upward of this valve is limited by the position of the ball joint (1') which upon being raised through the rotation of the connecting lever 1*', by well demand of the engine bei g sufficient, the rising of the valve (p), and` by thev suction Aor a1r pressure against the plate (m), the rising of said plate* andstem (Z) to an amount. sufficient to admit the requisite air from the .passage Ways` (n) into the chamber (o), and by the' opening movement of (l), the portsyj, j or j or-twoor more of them` are uncovered and' fuel is admitted the movement of the lever (s).

.carbureting chamber -p requisite explosive mix-ture for the slow into the annular passage way k and through lthe openings cf and thence ythrough the'pas sage Way m and exit passages m, thus supplying the requisite additional fuel to corre-v spend with the increased quantity of air and forming a gaseous fuel of the proper richness in the chamber (o) from which it passes through the openings o and thence past the valve (p) into the engine manifold connected at (c), well known, but not shown. The connecting lever r. is mounted upon a spindle r which carries also a lever (s) with adjustable limit stops s and s.

The' construction of this feature'is shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 6 in which 0 is the stem carrying the connections to the ball joint (r). lFitted upon this stem is thepiece 1", carrying the lugs u and u.

Mounted rigidly on the stem r is a pin'4 adapted to engage against the lug u as shown for aright hand assembly .of the carbureter parts, or against u for av 4left hand assembly 'of the earburete'r parts, in the first case corresponding with a movement of the swinging lever (s) in onefdirection. to permit the opening of the throttle valve, `and in the second case, corresponding with a movement of the lever (s) in the opposite l direction to permit the opening of the throtv tle valve and vice versa. The limit screws s and s determine the limits to which the saidffthrottle valve may be moved through The lever` (s) is clamped about the split hub of they piece r" by the 4clamp screw- 5. when the parts have 'been assembled 4in the desired position. This clamping of the lever (s) also clamps the split hub lof the piece r and stem r. Suitable connections are made. with the lever n(s) by which the stem (7W) isA rotated in one `direction or the other according to the desire `of the operator torincrease or decrease the speed of the engine. y

I The piece g is clamped to the annular portion (c) by a clamp ring .(15)` and screw (t). The adjustable needle valves z', i and z' are held inadjusted position by friction Vof a spring (22') asrshown in Fig. 7.

lfVe provide a slot n in the seat on which the distributing piece or nozzle (m) rests during vperiods of engine idling. This is clearly shown in Figs."3,/and 4, andfeeding into said slot n lis' a passage for fuel a" connectingv withthe lower fuel passagel j. It will thus lbe seen that air .and liquid fuel will 'at periods of slow engine speed be drawn throu 'h'said slot into the rh) and provide'the.y

speed operation of the. engine.`

Suitable fluid supply connections are made at d or el and al connection with an engine, such for example, as used" in gasolene-propelled'vehicles at (rv). Connectionsv under the control of the operator aremade zero position are as shown in Fig. 1. Thev float (f), if in a low position, keeps open the valve (e) until liquid fuel has 'entered the chamber (d), ZW rising to a sufficient height as indicated at (fw). The part lm, Z, z,will hold the ports of j, y', 7" closed or nearly so. The operation of our carbureter is as follows Upon the starting of the engine the first operation is that of a slight rotation of the stem r, thus releasing theball joint (r) from the valve (19) and permitting the valve (p) upon any suction effort on the part of the engine to rise, thus also releasing the plate m for movement when the suction against said plate will throw itI into an upward position admitting the flow of air through n, n into the chamber (o) and simultaneously admitting the discharge of fuel from the first of the ports from the pipes j, j, j. When this suction effort is first produced by the engine, and if it is produced suddenly, the piston (it) acts to retard the upward movement of the plate (m) due to the closing of the ball valve (h) acting lin the dash pot g',

and thus, through the momentarily excessive suction in the chamber (0) a larger quantity of fuel is discharged through the passage ways (m), producing for the moment an increased richness of mixture for the engine starting or accelerating requirements; and this is followed by a reduction in said richness as the suction pressure in the chamber (o) falls, due to the furtherD opening of ,the distributer plate or nozzle (fm) asj the piston (h) advances upward in its: displacement chamber or dash pot (g). The action of the dash pot is as follows; Connected with the central portion of the plate (m) is theball valve (h) such that upon the first upward movement thereof, the ball seats against the piece (h) thus cl sing the chamber (g) from connection th ough (9)v to (gm) causing the chamber (gw) t0 therefore act as a vacuum .chamber "opposing upward movement of the piece l(la.) which .is loosely mounted abou\ the nozzle stem and in slidable enage ent with the dash pot walls. As liquid eaks by the piston and into the chamber (gm), the restraining movement of the nozzle in its upward direction continues until it arrives at its final position. This restraint is only momentary', for the purpose of enriching the mixture.

Upon a closing of the valve (79) by the rota/tion of the shaft (71") and the downward movement of the ball (1') forcing the lvalve (p) upon its seat and forcing the nozzle (m)' downward, rapid movement of this nozzle is permitted in that the ball leaves its seat\up on the /piece (71,), permitting free communication between c(gm) (9) `and (57'), thus permitting quick downwardV movement of the nozzle, but allowing only a slow upward movement. yThe ball vvalve (L) is shown loosely connected into the nozzle stem and held therein by this small stem and ball top. The valve (p) is the throttle valve for the engine.

It is obvious that as the valve p is free to rise against the interior conical surface of (p) that the first effect of suction from the engine will be the rising of (p) and t e closing of the passage way (g), followed by the rising of (p) from the interior surface of (c). If at any time back firing occurs, the valve (p) is, by the expansion of gases due to'said back firing, caused to quickly seat on the part (c) and the valve (29') to be forced lto its lowest position clearing the passage way (q) through which the exploded and expanding gases find passage after passing through the clearance passages Q, which passages may be formed by drilling holes into that portion of valve or casting the conical part of valve (p) with arms projecting from its central inner portion. The passage g is of a small cross section area compared with the large surface presented, and therefore will prevent the passage of flame and eliminate the risk of damage from back firing.

' As the demand of the engine becomes greater, that '.is, as a greater quantity of gaseous fuel must be supplied to meet the high engine speeds, the valve (p) will rise higher and higher, uncovering a greater port area for fuel entry-into the passage (c) forming with the increased'y quantity of air which enters from (n) into (0), due to the increased rising position of (m), a gaseous fuel of the" requisite richness at all times. It will be seen that the ball valve (t) and port h admits of the quick falling or forcing down of the plate (m), but acts to restrain its upward movement to aid in the engine more quickly accelerating by securingthereto a richer mixture for a short interval of time.

1. Ina carbureter, a multiplicity of fuel passages, means for adjusting the flow through each fuel passage, a discharge member for 4distributing the fuel in a ca rbureting chamber, said discharge member being movable to admit varying quantities of air into said mixing chamber, a valve of conical form adapted to be opened by suction, means for limiting-the opening movement thereof, said valve closing freely upon back tiring from the engine, attenuated passage ways in combination with said valve through which discharge of exploding` gases may take place upon said back firing.

2. In a carbureter, a multiplicity of fuel passages, means for adjusting the flow through each fuel passa e, a distributer plate for distributing the nel in a carbureting chamber, said distributer plate formed with a slidable surface engaging to cover or uncover'more or less of the discharge area of said fuel passages, a carbureting chamf ber, said distributer plate being movable to admit varying quantities' of air into said carburetingmhamber and a valve of conical form adapted to be opened by suction, and adjustable means for limiting the opening movement of said valve and distributer plate.

3. In a carbureter, a multiplicity of fuel passages, means for adjusting the flow through each fuel passage, a discharge mem-- ber for distributing the fuel in a carbureting chamber, said Adischarge member being movable to admit varying quantitiesk of air ment thereof, said valve closing freely upon back firing from the engine, atteituated pasf sage Ways in combination with said valve through which discharge of exploding gases may take place upon said back firing and adjustable means for limiting the opening movement of said conical valve and distributer plate.

Witnesses:

E. YOUNG, P. E. CECIL. 

